Biology dna

Scope of task Students will be required to complete a Research Report in the form of a Powering presentation OR a weapon. This Task will require students to conduct individual research on a topic relating to genetic engineering. The Report will be the equivalent of 1500 words* and will include a bibliography. The bibliography will not be included in the word count. Students are not required to conduct a class presentation. *1 500 words is the maximum recommended length for this Report.The number of slides in a Powering presentation or weapon will be determined by the creativity f the student and the number of images they wish to include. The Research Report is worth 20% of the final student mark. Students will choose from the following list: Research area Suggested Topics Pre-natal diagnosis of genetic disease. * Cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, thalami's. Pre-symptomatic diagnosis of adult-onset genetic disease. Huntington Disease, breast cancer, bowel cancer.Production of human protein s. Insulin, Human Growth Hormone. Genetically-modified crop plants. Soya, Tomatoes, Golden Rice, BAT Cotton. Gene therapy. Cystic fibrosis, Severe Combined Immune Deficiency Syndrome. DNA profiling. For paternity testing, for breeding of captive endangered species, in forensics. Genetically modified organisms. Hypoallergenic cats, Environ TM – pigs, Estrangement Atlantic salmon Stem Cell Research. Type 1 diabetes, Nervous system diseases, Cancer, Primary immunodeficiency disease Cloning.Therapeutic cloning (type 1 diabetes), Reproductive cloning (e. G. Production of Dolly the sheep by nuclear transfer). *N.B.: any student who chose pre-natal diagnosis for their research topic for Biology Unit 1 should not be permitted to choose this topic for this Unit. The report will: introduce the scope of the topic describe the method used in the technology by the scientists in the laboratory include relevant diagrams discuss a social issue arising from the use of the technology include a bibliography of references used.This research project must be structured under the following headings: Introduction Background Genetics Genetic techniques Social issues Bibliography How Task is Approached Task is first introduced as early as possible during Week One and students are given a deadline (as stated in the teaching plan) to get the topic approved by the Teacher. Follow these steps: First, select a topic of interest that falls under one of the research areas given in the table above. Then, proceed to carry out a literature / library research on that topic and collect research articles related to that topic.Make sure your articles have the necessary information to write the introduction, history or background, method and social issues as described in the rubric. Confirmation of the topic is on a first come – first served basis whereby the teacher will approve the topic once the students meet the criteria above. Every student will have his/her own topic; no two stude nts are allowed to write the same topic from that class. Once your topic is approved by the Teacher, make sure you register your topic with your Teacher. You are then given 4 weeks to submit your slides – refer to the deadline given in the teaching plan.You are encouraged to submit drafts of your work. For a guide, refer to the samples of past research reports. Always refer to the assessment rubric attached to ensure that you are on the right track. The Knowledge, Skills and Behaviors outcomes achieved at the end of this task are dependent on the topic chosen. Below are some of the outcomes you should achieve. Unit Knowledge Outcomes At the end of this Unit students will be able to: 1 . Report on a specific area of interest within the field of genetic engineering 2. Apply their knowledge to new situations Unit Skills and Behaviors Outcomes 1 . Accurately use and apply biological terms in their appropriate context 2. Calculate ratios, proportions and probabilities as relevant to the study of Biology 3. Draw graphs using appropriate conventions 4. Appraise a range of different resources as part of the research process 5. Differentiate between useful and distractive information both in assessment tasks ND from the internet 6. Design and create a presentation report using appropriate software and IT facilities 7. Discriminate between and review differing points of view that exist relating to advances in biotechnology 8. Valuate experimental designs 9. Demonstrate written communication skills via practical reports and research reports How the task covers literacy, innumeracy, CIT and thinking skills Literacy Students will: organize and coherently present information in a report convert information gained through research into their own words relate a social sue in an objective fashion (using scientific expression) Compile a bibliography using a standard format. CIT use the internet as a research tool appraise internet sources for their relevance and validity use Powering to compose a report OR create a weapon.Thinking Skills summarize the main steps involved in an example of genetic engineering Appraise differing points of view that exist about a relevant social issue. How the task covers the MUFF Graduate Attributes Personal and social growth attributes survey a sample of individuals from various backgrounds to establish the different mints of view that exist regarding an example of genetic engineering critically evaluate research material and select relevant content apply an ethical approach to reporting the views of others.Lifelong learning attributes develop flexibility in thinking and learning through appraisal and subsequent summary of research material conduct an individual research activity write a report that summarizes material gained through their own research develop their ability to work independently organize knowledge gained on an example of genetic engineering use software to compose a research report SE the internet to conduct research develop the ability to draft and finalist a report. mints of view that exist regarding an example of genetic engineering. Suggested approaches Students will select a topic from a short list provided by the teacher. Students will â€Å"sign off' on their topic four (4) weeks prior to final submission date. An outline of the final report structure will be provided to students as a guide. Students may submit drafts of their work. Class time may be used for research and compilation of findings but it is expected that most of the required work will be completed outside of scheduled lessons/ structures.Ways of meeting approaches The Task should be introduced to students as early as possible, preferably during Week One. The outline provided to students should be structured to provide a guide for their research. The guide will follow the assessment criteria in the assessment rubric for this Task. Steps that may be involved in scaffolding the nature of the assessment task Students should be encouraged to draft their work. As relevant topics are covered in class, reference should be made to the usefulness of the content regarding this Task.

Remember the Titans Essay

A scene in the film of which I thought it was strong was when the new coach takes the players into the woods for a run and they arrive at a sort of cemetery. He tells them about a lesson from the death; they have to come together, otherwise they will be destroyed. He tells them whether they like each other or not, they should respect each other. I really like this scene of the movie, first, because I think it takes place in a special surrounding. All the players are exhausted from the running and kind of impressed by the place. Second, I like this part because I like the message and the way the coach tries to create one team out of two groups. The third message I got from the video is the fact that sports brings people together. No matter what race, as friends in a team you can make it work. In the video the white boys and the African-American boys have each their own team with their own rituals. Along the road, their passion for football and their desire to win brings them together. They combine their habits and the difference in their cultural backgrounds gives them a special feeling of a united group and makes them stronger. Also in other situations can sports play an important factor, you can see it in the world with for example the Olympic Games, but also other major sports events. I think sports can unite individuals from different cultural backgrounds because the rules are the same in every culture and as people are playing, they do not necessarily have to speak the same language. So, if you put the messages all together, I would say that in my opinion the movie is a really good one. After watching it I realized even more that it is about personalities and characters instead of the way people look or the cultural background they are from. Although it can be hard for some individuals to act this way, for example because of pressure from their peers or because the way they are raised. I hope that for the future that every day more people will realize that it is not about the differences, but about the similarities.

Is It Art Essay

What is art? Every person has an individual response to an artwork which is determined through the collaboration between an individual and a specific artwork. If it contributes to your experience, as a consequence being symbolic of something, then it is probably art for you. It is therefore very problematic in order to supply a definition that comprises the whole world’s thoughts and feelings. Some believe that anything and everything in the world is art, while others believe that it takes aptitude, creativity, and an imagination to produce true art. Art can be a reflection of one’s idea brought into the world through painting, drawing, photography, sculpture, architecture, and many other ways. Artworks are determined and different according to an individual’s perceptions, beliefs, and ideas. To begin to decide what we like or dislike depends upon the subject matter of the work what it depicts and its contents, what the subject matter means, symbolizes, or radically opposes. Taking a trip in Washington, D. C. with my Uncle to Maya Lin’s Vietnam Memorial is an example of conflicting art. Many people viewed the monument as an insult to the memory of the very soldiers to whom it was supposed to pay honor. Depending upon an individual’s perspective, to be able to walk up out of the gentle slope out of the V, symbolizes for many the process of healing. The names chiseled in the wall, inflicts serious emotional feelings when you find the name of a loved one or a friend. Depending on how the light hits the polished granite it reflects first your own image back at you, as if to say that your life is what these names fought for. Just the sheer meaning of the fight for our freedom, lost lives there and psychologically even after returning state side, all for another’s life is symbolic art. Similarly is the lighted frog mosaic art lamp my mother purchased during a mother daughter scavenger hunt. At first sight it could be construed as the ugliest thing. Agreeing first glance or look it is ugly, does not fit, or have a particular purpose. Now, with second sight, added to the fact of mother passing, that same mosaic lighted lamp is the most beautiful piece of art. The symbolic emotional feelings of looking at the intertwined pieces of light blue pieces of glass at the base of the frog depict the water of its freedom. The different shades of green glass pieces of the frog make it representational. The black molding holding the glass pieces together give continuity, shape, and naturalistic features to the lamp, thus, creating the illusion that it is real. Lively color lastly conveyed to the interior of your home imparts the feeling of joy and love evoked with exceptional time spent between mother and child is symbolic of family love. Another art that is interpreted as representational would be tattoos. The shear pain from the needle into your body is permanent making it a work of art. The one drawn by their owner with underlying meaning can be the most symbolic than one drawn but the actual tattooist. To wear an angel on your skin can convey many underlying significances, yet to have a faceless angel portrays a deep meaning. Everyday millions of people come in contact with angels, whether it is a smile, kind word, motivation, helping hand, prayer, or assisting force in an individual’s daily life. Then to have the Chinese letters of eternal faith under that faceless angel can have various values. This is symbolic of having eternal faith that the world is surrounded by everyday angels forever. After all this said in conclusion I can say that art is surely not seen with open eyes, but with open minds. Minds open for absorption of painting, drawing, photography, sculpture, architecture, and many other ways. From the examples above, I can also say that art is also an act of giving a small part of you in order to express through the art piece. The portrait of Mona Lisa is not only a portrait of a woman is also a portrait of Leonardo’s need to express him through color, composition, and symbolic feelings of tranquility. When we are seeing the subject matter, we are not staring just a landscape, sculpture, or portrait; we are observing the artist’s needs and emotions reflected by the needs of society for art. Art can be symbolic whether it is representational, abstract, or nonobjective.

Human Resource Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Human Resource Managment - Essay Example 9).4 It will stimulate the HR officer at GS Plumbing to don a professional perspective and will accord a formal recognition and motivation to the HR officer that is Alan Arrowsmith (Bragerstock, 2000, p. 524).5 HR audit will also lead to the identification of the problems marring GS Plumbing, resulting in an appropriate strategy aimed at resolving these problems (Hartsfield, 1990, p. 31).6 This endeavour will also lead to a systematic job analysis of all the employees at GS Plumbing and will help the company in designing appropriate performance management and appraisal systems (Hartsfield, 1990, p. 37).7 HR audit is also about basically recognizing the need for change and initiating and managing change (Stemple, 2006, p. 14).8 So far the top management at GS Plumbing is noncommittal about the issues hampering the smooth working of the organization, as is evident by the approach of Greg Smith, the owner of the company. So, an HR function audit by GS Plumbing will facilitate a smooth a doption and initiation of the change mindset on the part of the management and the employees. To assure the effectiveness of the proposed HR audit, it will be really helpful if the team drafted for conducting this audit involves a cross section of the staff working at varied levels at GS Plumbing (Moore, 2007, p. 53).9 This should include the owner, Greg Smith, the HR manager Alan Arrowsmith, the middle managers, particularly Gail White and at least one representative each of full-time and part-time plumbers. If possible and financially viable, the company can also hire an HR consultant to help and assist in this audit. Another big problem diluting the efficiency at GS Plumbing is the unplanned absence of employees. It is a fact that some of the employees may be resorting to... This paper approves that a formal and effective employee retention policy is pivotal for the long term success and sustenance of GS Plumbing. The success in retaining employees will add to customer satisfaction, will mitigate dissent amidst the staff, will allow for the achievement of a pool of experienced and skilled employees who could act as mentors or could be eventually absorbed in the management, and assure that the knowledge and experience that the employees have gained over time remains embedded within the company’s resource base. The management could come out with a lucrative bonus policy to prevent employees from working freelance after hours. The talent and contribution of the junior employees should be promptly recognized by extending promotions and salary raises. The top managers should spend more time interacting and mixing with the plumbers. Overall, care should be taken to make all the plumbers feel that they are respected and recognized. GS Plumbing being a sm all concern, it will get ample word of mouth publicity by initiating such policies. This essay makes a conclusion that at present, the managerial policies towards HR function at GS Plumbing are noncommittal and non formal. A great deal of this has to do with the lack of interest and initiative on the part of the top management. The dearth of employee retention, recruitment, compensation and review policies are taking a heavy toll on the long term sustenance of the company. Communication gap between the employees and the management is one other sore factor.

An introduction to human Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

An introduction to human - Assignment Example For instance, the DNA of humans. Cladogenesis is a form of splitting where the main branch and its sub branches form an evolutionary strategy which is adaptable and eventually leads to formation of high quality range of sister organisms. On the other hand, anagenesis is a gradual evolution which leads to overall replacement of a species by its novel form. Tarsier  : Tarsier bancanus is a primate species tarsier. They live in southern Philippines. Tarsiers are adapted to leaping with their legs and muscles comprising approximately a quarter of the total body weight. Cercopithecoidea: species in this group include talapoins, macaques, surilis and geunons. They are found in several places including Southeast Asia, Africa and India. Some species are terrestrial while others are arboreal. B) Primates have evolved a number of different social organizations, in your own words define and discuss each of the following social categories and then for each category give an example of one primate species (different from those used in your answers above) whose social organization falls into that category and discuss something interesting about that species social life. (21 points) Noyau: Noyau is seen in orangutans and they depict promiscuous mating patterns. These primates do not live in groups as they live in isolation. The home ranges where the primates live are intersecting and both females and males do not live together. There are no set boundaries on the ranges. While females have single home range, males have a relatively huge range that covers several ranges occupied by the females. Monogamy: An example of a primate who portrays monogamous mating patterns are the gibbons. In this case, there is only one pair and their respective offsprings. Mates engage with only one primate all their lives, there is no promiscuity. Polyandry: primates who practice polyandrous mating include Goeldis Marmoset. Polyandry involves one

Equity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Equity - Essay Example 2. Geographic location is one of the most important constraints that decide the internal payment structure of the organization as the location influences the standard of living of that employee. A posh locality where it demands high living costs require high compensation packages so the employee expects that the organization will compensate the expenses. Profitability: As the company incurs profits the dispensable income will increase which will be given to the employees and stakeholders as dividends and bonus. The more the profits the more will be the pay structure for the employees. Employee performance: The employee dedication towards the work and the way the employee perform the job activity will ultimately reflect on the organization’s performance and the profitability. The best employee will be recognized by some incentives and rewards which in turn motivates the employee 3. External factors like the government policies and regulations, the culture and customs and stakeholders play an important role in designing a pay structure as they provide the necessary inputs from unions and other parties to promote or to consider a compensation package for the employees which is socially acceptable. The organization requires individuals who can mould their experience into the mission and objectives of the organization for which there are working for; to accommodate people of this high interface, pay structure should be unique in its sense to entice the potential employees.

Analysis and summary report of findings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis and summary report of findings - Essay Example of helping residents in NG7 reduce their household costs- such as heating bills with the aim or converting the fuel and food expenditure to other household basic necessities. The NEST project’s approach entails the promotion of awareness local fuel and food through open talks and educational outreach which can act as a catalyst in development and financial support food and fuel crisis. Conservation and improvisation are some of the methods that can be used to reduce domestic expenditure. The NEST Project focuses its concerns on domestic income and expenditure with the analysis of the NG7 community. One of the major issues is the rising of electricity and water bills in relation to their impacts on domestic expenditure and conservation practices. a research survey for local NG7 community residents indicates that the rising gas , electricity and water bills creates a negative impact on the domestic expenditure as less money is set aside to spend on basic necessities such as food, clothing and security (Henry, 2010). In this case, a large number of residents strongly agree with the analogy that rising gas, electricity and water bills reduces the budget expenditure of the basic necessities of a household. NEST project research survey for local residents in NG7 portrays that rising gas, electricity and water bills directly affect the health and wellbeing of many families. A majority of the residence in NG7 area agree with this notion according to NEST project research survey for local residents in NG7. Family health and wellbeing largely depends on the family income and expenditure. In cases of lack of balance between the income and the expenditure rate, families tend to suffer from health and wellbeing issues as many people ignore social and health responsibilities2. Therefore, inadequate fund leads to poor health and wellbeing in most families in NG7 area. One of the common ways used to cut down the expenditure rate in a household is the use of DIY tools. The

Explain the significance of legal personality Essay

Explain the significance of legal personality - Essay Example Additionally, mentally ill person and minors as well, cannot be allowed to enter into a contractual relationship. The same is applicable to children, who have less reasoning level in comparison with the adults. In the subsequent part of this paper, an explanation of certain aspects of natural and artificial legal personality and limitations on legal personality is included. The nature and extent of natural legal personality Legal personality has multiple dimensions. These dimensions are mostly determined by different social roles, such as employer-employee, voter-householder, and father-husband. However, each role has different legal rules attached with it. And, the legal rules are mostly determined by the law on the basis of sex, age, nationality, income, occupation or any other group characteristic that the law-makers consider as relevant. By this classification, the law allocates certain rights and obligations to each category. When life begins Basically, to determine the beginnin g of life is a complex process. An unborn foetus is not capable of being a legal person. In law, once born alive, a newly born child will own the label of natural legal personality with certain legal rights. When life ends Still, there is no legal term defining death in law. Historically, stopping of the heart beating has been recognised as a point of death. However, due to the recent advancement in the medicine, with the help of machines, heartbeat can be made functional like other parts of human body. However, in R v Malcherek and Steel [1981] 1 WLR 690; did provide a definition for death. Facts A man stabbed a woman. Her brain became dead but she was kept alive with a life-support machine. However, she died and the man blamed doctors turning off the machine rather than his actions killed her. Held In the Court of Appeal, Lord Chief Justice Lane remarked that the definition of death was the irreversible death of the brain stem, which directs the basic body functions such as breath ing. The occurrence of such situation validates the death of a body even if other body parts are made functional with the use of mechanical methods. Legal personality-after death Humans do not have unlimited form of legal personality. This limited legal personality is also applicable to after death. However, a person who wrote the will (the testator) is allowed to ensure that even after his or her death a legal will after death will be enforced according to the wishes of the testator. Such situations occur when the distribution of a property is going to take place. In case of a dispute, the court is authorised to ascertain the wishes of the testator. Additionally, prior death consent must be ensured from the deceased if the body parts are going to be removed from the dead body. Organisations The status of legal personality can be conferred to a company in United Kingdom (Teubner, 1988). Under this condition, the company is defined as having separate and distinct existence in compari son with its shareholders. As a result, the shareholders own their shares not the company (Davies, 2002). Although, the shareholders are owners of the company and they provide capital for it, yet they cannot be sued in case, the company becomes unable to pay for its own liabilities Case law: Salomon v Salomon & Co Ltd (1897) Facts: Salomon converted his business into a limited company. Mr Salomon was the managing director and majority

The GE Money Americas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The GE Money Americas - Essay Example This paper presents a detailed discussion, analysis and illustration of leadership and talent management within GE Americas as a case study. The challenges which necessitated the need within GE Money Americas are discussed in addition to the model for change theory as applied within the company. In addition an evaluation of information gathered within the company as pertaining to leadership and talent management is given in the paper. Moreover the paper presents the speculated effects of the level of success that changes within GE Money Americas would have in the future operations of the company and recommendations on correct adjustments in case the change reduces its effectiveness. Need for Change in GE Money Americas The processes of managing employees within GE Money Americas were initially less integrated. This is demonstrated by the less centralized employee hiring system. The top executives within the company considered the centralized approach to employee management to be less effective because communication and sharing of ideas within the company was not motivated (Roderick, Lehmberg & John, 2009). The top executives within the company valued the role of effective human resource management as the definition of company success. It is in line with this that change was inevitable within the company. This change was aimed at improving the processes of talent management for the benefit of the company. Change was needed in all aspects of talent management within the company such as attracting new talent, sourcing, hiring, training and developing employees (Walsh, 2011). In addition there was need for change in the promotion of human resource within the company and their movement within various aspects or units of the company. The company’s executive identified the need to fuse the talent management strategy with the wider business strategy. It is because of this that it was considered necessary to centralize the strategy of managing the company staff ( Marquez, 2007). Through a centralized system of managing talent within a company, all employees are allowed to work in line with the common business strategy and business goals (Roderick, Lehmberg & John, 2009). In addition, a need for improved communication within GE Money Americas was identified. This was motivated by the view of communication by the company top executives as the most crucial element of any form of success. Communication is improved through the use of communication systems such as information technologies and applications which link all employees within an organization (Walsh, 2011). This promotes growth and innovativeness as a result of facilitated process of sharing ideas. More importantly there was a need for promoting interaction between the company leadership and all employees. This was aimed at ensuring that the needs of human capital were understood and efficiently met by the company leadership so that employees were left motivated. Model for Change Theory The lean approach is the model of change theory which was employed within GE Money Americas to bring about changes in leadership and talent management. Lean approach is a model for organization change which is designed to significantly cause improvements in the flow of business activities while eliminating any forms of wastes in work processes (Rothwell, 2012). This approach as employed within

Starbuck Corporate Social Responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Starbuck Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that Starbuck Corporation is an international coffee company with its headquarter in Seattle, Washington. Currently, the company has over 20,000 stores in more than 60 countries global wide. However, a majority of its stores are located in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom and the large part of Asia among other parts of the world. The company offers the wide range of food services ranging from beverages (hot and cold), pastries, whole bean coffee, full-leaf tea and micro-ground instant coffee among others. Other stores also provide take away food like sandwiches and items like tumblers and mugs among others. Other than meals, Starbuck offers beers and wines although this restricted to stores located in favorite locations. The company growth has some negative business ethics implications on its own workers and even those in other companies. Such include illegal outsourcing, poor salary schemes and even negative environmental and soci al impact on the neighboring community. Despite the challenges faced by Starbuck, the company has adopted some of the best business or corporation to enable it to realize its goals and objectives. For instance, the company has a good number of stores in low economical countries to target the low earners who cannot afford services from more advanced coffee and fast food companies. The company also initiates numerous community projects to boost its relations with the locals, and this has positive impacts on its general income. Starbuck is well known for leasing with both national and international organizations as away from attracting more customers, hence increased income. The company involves the locals in major decision making and this makes them feel appreciated. For instance, the company asks the locals about their opinions with regard to environmental and social impacts before major constructions are conducted. The locals’ opinions are incorporated in the environmental ma nagement plan to help mitigate the negative impacts of such new projects.

Widows in Hinduism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Widows in Hinduism - Essay Example eatly be pegged on different traditions, content and themes of various contexts in history and authenticity and authority of texts and other sources of information that they rely on for history purposes. For instance, some traditions in Hindu kingdoms which used Manusmrti texts to refer their history advocated in many occasions to restricting women rights whereas the modern Hindu society has a new perspective on women and their roles in the society. In general, different traditions within these kingdoms dictated the roles and position of women in that while some advocated male chauvinism, some kingdoms included respected courtesans; sacred women to worship and service their deities, educated and trained women in their kingdoms and those who could perform extra ordinary activities such as magic (Fisher & Adler, 2011). Books and other literary works have been written on the subject matter, women and Hinduism, with majority concentrating on the treatment of women before and after the Br itish colonial rule, and this article will reflect on the Hinduism’s understanding of widowhood and traditional treatment of widows. During British colonial rule, child marriage was a common practice in India where girl children as young as below ten years could get married to an older man; a practice/ tradition of some societies where women were treated as sex slaves or believed to have a role of a â€Å"house wife† irrespective of their age. The major problem was when a husband dies as the widows had a diminished role and position in the society and were required to spend their lives languishing in poverty and constantly worshiping God; restricted to the right of re-marrying and having a happy family with another man. Re-marrying being treated like a taboo, the widows had to be confined in an ashram for Hindu widows to spend their lives in renunciation, segregation from other society members so as to expiate bad karma and to relieve their families of financial and emotional burdens.

Personal Ethical Dilemma Essay Example for Free

Personal Ethical Dilemma Essay An international food party was conducted, during my sojourn in Japan as an exchange student. Since, I was the chairperson of the Korean language club; I ventured to prepare cheyookbogeum or Korean food for this party. I endeavored to do so only after consulting with the other members of the club and eliciting their opinion. Due to close collaboration between the club members, the venture depicted remarkable progress. During the course of preparing the food, I was constrained to decide whether to add MSG to the food. I had to undergo quite a bit of consternation regarding this decision, the party as such, was not all that big and this made me opt for the easy way out. However, I was not spared from having to scrutinize the situation precisely. The primary issue that I had to take into consideration was that addition of MSG to the food would improve its flavor and this would result in a larger number of people buying it. This would bring about a natural increase in profits, which would enable me to donate more money and provide incentives to the members who were making preparations for the party. Unfortunately, MSG does not promote good health and its prolonged use consumption could prove deleterious. In addition, if consumers came to know about having consumed MSG at a later date, they might develop a dislike for the food, which could even lead to their abstention from such food. Thus, by avoiding the addition of MSG, I would be behaving in an ethical manner, as I would have exhibited greater concern for the health of the consumer. Nevertheless, I could refrain from adding the MSG and promote the food as being prepared from solely fresh ingredients. Since, the flavor would not be all that appealing to the consumers; it would be difficult to realize profits. All the same, this food could be promoted as health food and then there might be a chance of making greater profits. All said and done, this issue was not of sufficient significance to affect the community. However, it provided me with an opportunity to adopt not only the perspective of a consumer but also that of a representative of the company. Moreover, I learned that one should take into account, long term perspectives, while taking decisions.

How did Television Sitcoms Change Gender Roles?

How did Television Sitcoms Change Gender Roles? How did television sitcoms change gender roles from late 50s to 60s? Television started to become a popular piece of entertainment for the family in the 50s. Television was one of the most important entertainment forms of device that entertained the family at home rather than going out[1]. As television got popular over the years, more and more people started to buy them for their house. Television took the place for piano, radio and phonograph[2]. Television was placed in the center of the family, where they would spend family time watching news to sitcoms. Television was the great family entertainer that brought mom, dad, and the kids together; while portraying different gender roles and social functions in a society[3]. Sitcoms in 1950s portrayed of having a perfect family, husband was the bread winner and the women was the house wife. Women were often showed in sitcoms as the family care of the family and also not expected to have a job. Sitcoms played a major role in the American society and played a biggest influence role on women throughout the years .1960s was the era where the perfect family construct was changed, where both men and women were shown of having jobs in sitcoms, which was different from 1950s. There was a big shift in the sitcoms, once it was shown to have a perfect family of one male worker in the family to showing both gender having a job. Television and sitcoms played a huge role into shaping up the future of the society. The American suburb was growing postwar era, a nuclear family was a basic social construct [4]. Sitcoms such as father knows best and leave it to beaver showed a perfect nuclear family construct. A womens job was to stay at home, take care of the family, cook, and make husband happy. In an episode from I love Lucy; Lucy was portrayed to follow her husbands commands. Where the man is the master, and the woman does what shes told (equal rights).ÂÂ   Usually women had to be obedient to their husbands, respect their opinion and always agree with their opinion.ÂÂ   Most of the sitcoms would show women at home taking care of the house instead of pursuing a career. A womans place is in home (leave it to beaver, Beavers house guest).ÂÂ   Sitcoms such as father knows best, Jane the mother, was always at home taking care of the children, cleaning, and making food; While the man had a different role A husband was the bread winner of the family[5]. In an episode from Father knows best, a young engineer had the ideal family vision of a hardworking man that worked hard all day that would come home to pretty wife. So when the day is over he can come home to some nice pretty wife (Betty, Girl Engineer).ÂÂ   There are many things that sitcoms portrayed about a suburban culture from Father knows best, I love Lucy, and Leave it to beaver that showed predominantly common gender role, where the husband was the bread winner and women was the home wife. Sitcom such as father knows the best played a perfect nuclear family that Americans dreamed of having. Jim played the role of the husband. He came home after work every day expecting dinner and the house to be clean. Since the men were the money provider for the family, they realized that supporting the family was hard at times. For example: in an episode Jim told the family Time has come for us to tighten our bills (The Mink Coat). This shows that Jim was the only money provider for the whole family, while the rest of the family did not know how to control their expenses. It got harder for Jim to balance the checks, since he was the only money provider for the house. In a way, Jim as a husband and father has to make his family happy but since he is the only worker of the family, sitcoms showed that man would work hard all day and come home to nice family, which was a stress reliever. While women on sitcoms had a different thinking that earning money was same as working in the home. Lucys character was mainly showed as naÃÆ'Â ¯ve, dumb, and careless with money. For example, in I love Lucy whats so tough about earning a living (Job Switching). Lucy thought that earning money was not hard, and it could be done by women as well. Sitcoms often showed that women were not mature when it came to money decision and work, while on the other had men were shown to be the mature responsible earner of the family. Sitcoms often showed women only doing the house work. They were not shown intelligent and were not encouraged to pursue any career.ÂÂ   For example: In an episode from fathers knows best in which betty signed up as wanting to be an engineer, one of bettys guy friend said but youre a girl (Betty, Girl Engineer) referring it to how men thought girls were not capable to do jobs like men. Even mothers would train their daughters to do house work and be a good wife. Youre joking (Betty, an engineer) Jane, mother of Betty took it as a joke that Betty was going to be an engineer. Sitcoms often showed that women were not expected to do big things in life such as work and earn a living. In an episode from I love Lucy, Ricky said Anybody can cook and do house work (Job Switching). Ricky the husband works in the kitchen and Lucy works in a chocolate factory. It showed in the episode how it was miserable for both the man and women to struggle for job switching. It referenced that women were better in the kitchen and man were better at earning a living. Sitcoms also showed that women were shown non intelligent even if they were working in a chocolate factory. In 1960s, there was a change in sitcoms, where women were not always shown working in the kitchen but they held some type of job on the side. Shows such as That Girl played an important role in the 1960s showing women were more than capable to work and handle house work. Ann was portrayed as a strong woman who is focused on her career. You got the job (Help Wanted) it was when Ann got a job as a secretary job. It was an important scene because it showed the viewers that women should advance in their careers instead of being a full time house wife.ÂÂ   Ann was a main character in the show, where she was portrayed as a hard working woman. Shows like That Girl, made women realize that they can be more independent. Sitcom such as That Girl tried to show that women should pursue their career instead of being rushed to their marriage and raising a family. Finally, Television played an important role in social life and gender life. Television transitioned the whole idea of gender roles. 1950s was a period of time where nuclear family was known as the dream family. In 1950s, men were the bread winner of the family and the women were the home taker of the house. The idea of nuclear family started to transition as time progressed. 1960s had a revolutionary change in sitcoms, women were shown having a job and taking care of the family, but before it was different where they were not shown to be working. Father knows best, I love Lucy, and Leave it to beaver showed how a typical family construct and showed the gender responsibility. Shows like that girl started to change the idea of a dream family and men and women were shown to be equal. Bibliography Primary sources: Father Knows the best. Betty, Girl Engineer April 11, 1956. Television Father Knows the best. The Mink Coat. April 11, 1956. Television Leave it to beaver, Beavers house guest. October 8, 1960. Television I love Lucy, job switching. September 15, 1952. Television I love Lucy, Equal Rights. October 26,1953. Television That girl, help wanted. October 20, 1966. Television Second Sources: Bogart, Leo. The Age of Television. 3rd ed., New York: Ungar, 1972. Spigel, Lynn. Make Room for TV: Television and the Family Ideal in Postwar America. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1992. Print. [1] Bogart, Leo. The Age of Television. 3rd ed., New York: Ungar, 1972. [2] Spigel, Lynn. Make Room for TV: Television and the Family Ideal in Postwar America. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1992. Print. [3] Spigel, Lynn. Make Room for TV: Television and the Family Ideal in Postwar America. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1992. Print. [4] Spigel, Lynn. Make Room for TV: Television and the Family Ideal in Postwar America. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1992. Print. [5] Spigel, Lynn. Make Room for TV: Television and the Family Ideal in Postwar America. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1992. Print.

Hilton Hotels A Name That Has Been Synonymous Marketing Essay

Hilton Hotels A Name That Has Been Synonymous Marketing Essay Chapter 1 Introduction Overview The hospitality industry has from time in memorial revolutionised to ensure business in this service industry is conducted in a unique way such that at the end of the day, customers get value for their money. In brief, that is Satisfaction. Hilton Hotels, a name that has been synonymous with excellence in hospitality is a hotels and resorts worldwide that goes a notch above and believes that their customers are not only customers but they are their guests. Therefore, ensuring customers stay is memorable has always been paramount and of great concern to Hilton group of Hotels. Furthermore the hotel ensures that they supersede their customers expectations and always guarantees satisfaction. The research focuses on Customer satisfaction in the Hospitality industry with a Particular reference to Hilton London Hyde Park hotel. Located a mile from Oxford Street and the west End, the hotel is one of the distinct, exciting hotels on the city doorstep. The researcher sought to find out the unending process of ensuring and guaranteeing customer satisfaction at this hotel property which forms part of the entire Hilton hotels fraternity. (Hilton Hotels and Resorts, 2010) Customer Satisfaction in Hospitality industry has been the bottom line in earning competitive advantage. It should be of interest to the reader that there has been enormous competition in this industry that is always highly competitive and all Hotels whether for business or leisure strives to ensure they meet and exceed their customers expectations. Meeting Customers expectation ensures customer satisfaction, and that is what all customers look for when they check in at the Hilton- London Hyde Park. Aims and Objectives of the study. This research sought to evaluate customer satisfaction at the Hilton- London Hyde Park. To ensure a clear guideline on how this research was going to be conducted, the researcher developed the aims and objectives which have been outlined below; To review the existing literature on customer satisfaction and add to the body to of knowledge how to ensure customers expectations are met and exceeded in achieving customer satisfaction. To find out competitive advantage that Hilton- London Hyde Park has earned that guarantees customer satisfaction. To investigate on regular customer complaints and ways in which customer complaints are handled at the Hilton London Hyde Park. To recommend suitable ways to ensure good customer care at the Hilton London Hyde Park that would be part of ensuring customers expectations have been met. Research Purpose and Rationale. The main purpose of this study is to independently ascertain in details the process of customer satisfaction at the Hilton- London Hyde Park. When customers needs and expectations have been met, customers are said to be satisfied. It is every customers desire that businesses take their needs and expectations at heart, this in the end has a long term results since it compels them to come back to the business hence becoming loyal. Businesses also benefit by ensuring customer satisfaction. This is evident when the same customers frequent the business daily or regularly, it creates loyal customers who will purchase more and even recommend that business to their friends and colleagues. Its from this fact that the researcher sought to evaluate customer satisfaction at a Hotel that champions it. Hilton -London Hyde Park has been on the fore front in ensuring and guaranteeing customer satisfaction, as a matter of fact the hotels has also been used as a benchmark for other properties that are struggling or yearning to achieve satisfy their customers. The research also sought to tackle customers perception of products and services at Hilton- London Hyde Park. Customers perception is always as a result of what they have experienced first hands at they Stay in the Hotel or what they have heard about the Hotel, the issue of perception cannot be ignored since it affects business performance. Hilton -London Hyde Park has put in place brand standards in every area of operations; this is for the sole reason of ensuring that customers expectations are met and exceeded as well as to maintain a positive image to the customers who are in the Hotel either for business, meeting and conferences or leisure. The researcher therefore was prompted to find out customers perception on products and services at the Hotel. Scope and Limitations Due to lack of funding and inadequate resources to support the project, the researcher focused only on Hilton London Hyde Park out of the hundreds hotels around London. Some of the customers who were presented with questionnaires most of them didnt fill them in because the hotel also provides questionnaires to the guests on arrival. Most of them always felt in a rush due to their busy schedules and lack of time to respond to the customer satisfaction questionnaire. Questionnaires that were returned, some were half filled or poorly filled. The other challenge was lack of information from first time customers at the hotel. On the questionnaires, it showed lack of knowledge and that some customers dont care about customer satisfaction especially those who dont pay for their bills such as business customers. Summary The introduction chapter highlighted the pre amble of this research. This has been achieved by giving a simple synopsis of the research aims and objectives, presenting the background information of the research conducted as well as the importance of the research and all the limitations that were encountered while at it. In the following chapters an in-depth and detailed piece of this work is presented that will shed more light on the various literature and scholarly works that has been carried out on customer satisfaction. Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction In this chapter various scholarly articles on customer satisfaction are going to be examined and compared, further more academic literature on the same will be reviewed and this will help the researcher relate to the research findings. This chapter will highlight various literatures on customer satisfaction and all the factors related to customer satisfaction. It describes in depth how good customer service from business acts as a catalyst in achieving satisfaction. However from this section it will be interesting to note that, not all customers appreciate what businesses does for them and hence the issue on customer complaint which can either be genuine or not. This opens the eyes of the potential reader to note that customers whose expectations are met tend to be satisfied, those whose expectations were exceeded tend to be delighted and those whose expectations were not met at all tend to be dissatisfied, this categorised the various kind of customers as much as customer satisfaction is concerned. 2.2 Who is a customer? There have been various definitions as well about who a customer is, but regardless of any definition its fundamentally clear that a customer is the most important person in any business. Every business must realise that a customer not dependent upon the business but on the contrary the business is dependent upon them since they are the sole reason as to why that business exists and favours the business when they come to buy the products or services that a business offers. Any business therefore knows that the customer is an essential part it, not an outsider. (Robert, 2005) The customer is the person who comes to the business with his needs and wants and its ultimate for that business to fulfil their requirements. A business should also accord every customer the most courteous attention they can give them since the customer is the lifeblood of every business, as a matter of fact Its Important to realise that without the customer any business would have been behind to closed doors. (Don and Martha, 2004) 2.3 Customer Satisfaction A result of good customer care is referred to as customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction therefore is a derived term that shows the results of offering good customer care in a business. It should be noted that customer care therefore involves the planning of all activities in customer supplier relationship including the pre, during and after stages so as to ensure the customer expectations with regard to transaction process are met or exceeded (Withey and Lancaster, 2006). This clearly shows that for customer satisfaction to be achieved the process towards customer satisfaction starts before the product or a service is offered to the customer. Customer care involves more than just customer service, as a matter of fact; customer service is an important facet of customer care especially in ensuring that customer satisfaction is achieved. The latter necessitates the involvement of every facet of the company marketing and customer related programmes and should affect every single stage of the marketing planning and implementation process (Withey and Lancaster, 2006). Its therefore important for marketing managers to ensure that good customer service is put in place and addressed in the marketing process since this will be part and parcel for ensuring that customer satisfaction is finally achieved. Kotler (2009) approaches customer satisfaction from a different perspective. He refers to customer satisfaction as the customers feeling of pleasure or disappointment that arises from comparing the products perceived performance to their expectations. This means that customers have a certain perception towards every product they use hence its evident that if this products or service doesnt fulfil the customer expectation according to his or her perception about the product there will be dissatisfaction. Furthermore if the performance of the business matches the expectations in which the customer had perceived the product or service the customer is satisfied and if the performance exceeds expectations, the customer is highly satisfied or delighted. Customer Satisfaction therefore starts even before the product or service is provided to the customers, its important to note that every aspect of the business contributes to the overall customer satisfaction. It is vital for all the companies to realise that investing in good customer service and care will result in total customer satisfaction. But as much as companies that are customer focused is concerned will create customer satisfaction, its not the ultimate goal of a business. If a company will reduce the price of the products and service that they offer so as to ensure satisfaction then it means that as much as customers are going to be happy and get satisfaction from lowered price then that means the business may suffer as a result, and when a business suffers all the stake holders will suffer as well. Its reasonable therefore for all the company that seeks to create total customer satisfaction to do so subject to offering acceptable levels of satisfaction to the stake holders given the total results, (Kotler, 2009). Customers form their expectations from various channels. Kotler (2009) explains that the following aspects build up customers expectation; Past Buying experience. Friends and associate advice. Marketers and competitors information and promises. A customer previous or past buying experience can be a great determining factor that can persuade him or her to purchase and repurchase the product. If a product met the customer expectations in the first instance, it is possible that the customer will go back and repurchase that product or service. On the other hand friends and associate advises really count on building up customer expectations, consumers often tend to seek advises on where best to get a certain product or which company offers the best services, from this aspect there is a greater likelihood of the customer to believe his or friends or associates if they have had a first experience with the companys product or services. Lastly Kotler (2009) emphasis on Marketers and competition information and promises cannot be ignored many times the markers raise hopes on a certain product by doing a massive advertisement on that product. Competitors who seek to enlarge their market share are usually ion the spree on luring customers, the sum total of this builds up customer expectations before buying the product. From the companies perspective the dilemma that comes with customer expectations is that if their marketers raise high expectations, the consumers will be disappointed, the need to raise expectations by the company acts as a great marketing tool but can be disastrous if that expectation is not met at all. However if a company decides to set expectations too low, then that means that the company will not attract buyers but the likelihood of customers whose product value includes low prices will be satisfied. Companies should therefore raise expectation and deliver so as to match hence creating satisfaction Kotler (2009). 2.4 Cost of Poor Customer Care (Michael and Steven, 2005) emphasizes that if a customer expectation at any point of the customer relationship is not met, the result will customer dissatisfaction. These consequences can be mild or worse depending on the circumstances given. Most of the dissatisfied customers tend to complain to the company, others decide to stop purchasing from the same company, however the worst of dissatisfied customers are the ones who bad mouth the company especially if they were treated in a way that did not favourable to them, this kind of customers spread the news and unfortunately bad news travel faster than good new hence these might have negative impact to the company. (Michael and Steven, 2005) further confirms that dissatisfied customers with bad experiences are twice as likely to tell others as the good experiences customers, this pointer indicates the extent to which lack of satisfying customers expectation can lead to. Its important for business to realise that maximizing customer sa tisfaction gives them a competitive edge to exist in the market, customers are faced by many similar products as well as complimentary product, which makes it easier for them to switch to another product if they are dissatisfied in any way. 2.5 Benefits of Good Customer Care Contrary to a dissatisfied customer, a customer who is satisfied is a major asset to the business. The business can be rest assured that they will come back and in the long run become loyal customers (Lancaster and massingham, 2010). This explains why most customer focused companies are setting up loyalty programmes that seek to reward customer in order to woo them to be loyal and keep them in the business. The value of maintaining loyal customers is immeasurable to a business; it affirms the business that there will be repurchase from the loyal customers and at least a good word will pass around from them, which is a consequence of good customer care. The cost of acquiring new customers as opposed to maintaining the existing ones is very high, and every business primary goal is to minimise cost as well as maximizing profits. Good customer care ensures that business maintains its regular customers and still maximize on the loyal customers (Lancaster, 2010) 2.6 Loyalty from Regular Customers This is the act of particular customers returning to make purchases on the same product and services and choosing the same business for their purchases. A repeat purchase is another benefit of good customer care. Customers who are impressed and whose expectations are met will end up buying from the same business from time to time, this gives the business leverage when it comes to competitive advantage Below is a ladder of customer loyalty. From the above diagram, the suspect is the lowest level of the relationship ladder whereby the suspect includes everyone who might buy the product or service, a prospect is one who has the potential of buying your product or service while customers have purchased either a product or service from you and have the potential of buying it again, clients are those who do come back and then lastly but not least the advocates are those who market a product or service on behalf of your behalf. (Smith, 2006) 2.7 Referrals from Customers When businesses make sure that all their customer expectations have been met, they are indirectly marketing themselves to the potential buyers. Regular customers of any organizations always advise potential buyers about the products and services offered by that business. It is a common practice for satisfied customers to tell others especially their friends and colleagues about the exemplary service they received from particular business. This boosts the business in a ways that it even reduces on its costs of advertising since the outcome of good customer services is that word is spreading about what customers perceive on the products and services that are being offered. Referrals are more credible than advertising, while advertising convinces the potential buyer to buy a product that not been tried by the potential buyer, referrals offer a firsthand advise from an individual who has had a good experience with the companys product. Therefore its evidently clear that good customer care gives birth to loyalty that generates referrals which is a benefit to the business in terms of maximizing profit. 2.8 Customer Retention A business that meets customers expectations and surpasses those expectations and remains consistent in its customer care tends to retain those customers. These are the type of customers who will be loyal to the brand or the business in terms of purchases. Customer retention is as simple as making sure that the loyal customers are given all the reasons to buy the product again and again either by giving them incentives or by introducing a loyalty programme that will be rewarding them and earning them points every time them make a purchase. Most of the companies have implemented strategies that allow the marketing department to take care of their customers so as to make sure they are faithful to the brand in order to create retention. It should be noted that customer retention is a process that takes time since customers tend to judge the ability of a company to be consistent in being good to them. Its highly advised that the companies should rethink about their ways in which they ret ain their customers since in this competitive age a competitive strategy goes hand in hand with ensuring a market share is maintained and increased. 2.9 Steps in Customer Satisfaction Encourage face to face dealings. Dealing with customers face to face can be outright scary for any sales or company representative if they are doing it for the first time. However the results can reward handsomely and moreover the nervousness ceases with time. Depending on the kind of business that a company is operating its vital for the marketers as well as the sales team to go out and meet their customers face to face so as to get a firsthand experience and to create the business bond. It is advised that when meeting the customers calmness and confident are the two characters that need to be utilized. Listen to them and ask them what they need. It is believed that if a potential client in a business spends over half the meeting doing the talking, the company is on the way to making the sale. Face to face dealings is therefore paramount in dealing with your customers. Respond to messages promptly. Customers always want their queries and questions about a product or service to be answered promptly or as soon as possible. It is very unprofessional to keep customers waiting for a response that takes ages before its replied. Its also advised that even if the query cannot be answered at the exact time the courtesy of letting the customer know that their query has been received and will be attended to as soon as possible will be indispensable. Customers feel appreciated when their queries have been attended to and someone has taken their time to. Be Friendly and approachable. Customers always want to deal with someone who they can talk to and even relate in a friendly manner, this breaks down all the business formality and creates a conducive atmosphere to do business. Its very important to be friendly and courteous and to make them feel that they are part of the business and can be helped out when in need, this gives them some emotional security to know that they can always count and rely on the business. It should be noted that as much as some customers are annoying and would like to take advantage of every situation, its critical that you keep a positive outlook as well as give them feedback as best as you can while maintaining politeness and courtesy. Have a clear defined customer service policy. Every company that is customer focused understands the value of implementing customer service policy for efficiency in handling customers. It not only saves time but serves as a competitive advantage for the company as far as customers are concerned. Customer service policies are rules and guidelines that a company sets up for the purposes of ensuring customer services are handled in the most appropriate manner that it deserves. Its the procedural process in which customers queries are handled and this procedures outline the steps in which certain steps should be taken if the usual way doesnt work out. Customers should know what kind of steps they should take when making an inquiry since they find it annoying to be transferred to from the staff to the supervisor, to the manager who will then fail to solve it. A clear defined customer service policy therefore ensures that the company takes into consideration the needs of the customers as w ell as saving time for the company. Anticipate clients needs. Anticipating clients needs is a very high level of customer and company relationship that not many companies achieve. But it is evident that they companies that can boast about knowing and anticipating customer need can boast as well about the great rewards that yielded from it. This refers to a pro active nature of the company to look beyond what the customers wants and spoil them for what they wish to have without charging them any extra penny. It refers to a level where the company takes an insight into the customers needs and supersedes it. This act of anticipation to the customers needs will be used to spread good word about the company and the results will be referrals since many would love to be treated the same way. Honour Promises. Companies sell their products and services by promising amazing rewards from purchase of their product and services. It is empirical that this promises should be honoured otherwise the consequences can be daunting. Customers always want to make sure that they relate to the company that promises and delivers the promise. Lack of delivering promises can cause dissatisfaction and customers can bad mouth the company. Most importantly the company might suffer from lack of purchases that will eventually result to low profitability as well as losses. Benefits on products purchase, services on goods bought, meeting deadlines on projects and even charging for the amounts quoted are examples of keeping promises to the customers. 2.10 Monitoring Customer Satisfaction It is important for companies to monitor satisfaction since its the only way they can be able to know factors that shape customer satisfaction and from this they can be able to know what areas to improve on so as to ensure customer satisfaction is achieved by the company. Kotler (2009) argues that the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty is not proportional, the level of customer satisfaction varies from customer to customer hence its evidently clear that the lowest level of satisfaction can be characterised by customers who can find it easy to switch since as much as their expectation have been met, they still feel there is a better product out there and this means they can easily switch. The other level which is a bit higher than the lowest level of satisfaction refers to customers who are fairly satisfied and are likely to buy again as well as talk good about the company and the products. The level that is ultimate in customer satisfaction is where the customer is delighted, at this level there is an emotional attachment to the company and not just a rational one. Companies are therefore advised to always aim to achieve maximum satisfaction since its the only sure way of ensuring repeat business in the company. Measuring customer satisfaction will allow a company to be able to recognise what makes customers attain different degrees of satisfaction. Kotler (2009) lists several measurement techniques which include; Periodic Surveys. Customer loss rate. Mystery shoppers. Periodic surveys refers to ways in which companies track customer satisfaction by sending customers survey questionnaires to measure level of satisfaction as well as to know whether the customers can repurchase from the business again. Customer Loss rate is another way of monitoring satisfaction where the business tracks the lost customers and seek to find out why they dont purchase any more of the companys product or why they switched to a different brand. A mystery shopper has been a new trend that is first hand and that gives evidence on buyers experience. This method involves hiring potential customers to pose as customers so as to get the experience of how customers are helped and treated by buying the companys product in comparison with the competitors product. Additionally it should be a caution to companies that are complacent with their achievement on performance of customer satisfaction. They are highly always advised to monitor competitors performance in this areas since what might seems satisfactory to a company, might mean a low mark to another company. This is evident since some companies set a certain target of ensuring customer satisfaction is achieved and when achieved and possibly surpassed, they tend to relax and be comfortable not knowing that their competitors bench mark is even higher than what they are aiming to achieve. Companies should therefore do everything as possible to monitor customer satisfaction for purposes of efficiency. 2.11 Customer Complaints. Customers always look forward to companies to fulfil their expectations once they go there to make a purchase. Customer complaints refer to grievances placed by the customers if they are disappointed by lack of companies in fulfilling their expectations. Some companies have always been mistaken to measure customer satisfaction by analysing customer complaints; this is wrong and ineffective since a customers perception about a product or service starts even before a purchase is done. Jobber and Lancaster (2009) said that perception is a complex process by which people select, organise and interpret sensory stimulations into meaningful picture of the world. The process might be used to sort out the masses of stimuli that could be perceived into manageable amount. So even before the customer makes a purchase there has been a perception about the brand. 2.12 Benefits of Customer Satisfaction A company that ensures customer satisfaction is achieved is at the verge of enjoying benefits that is linked to it. (Vadim, 2010) highlights the benefits of customer satisfaction as; Highly satisfied customer generally stays in the business longer. When customers needs are totally met the tendency is that the customer will stick to that business more and more since he or she will always want the expectation to be met. This in turn will be an advantage to the business since there will be repeat business that will favour profitability. Less sensitive to price. Customers who normally stick to a particular business have a perceived value as well as firsthand experience on the companys products and services, its an advantage therefore to the business since anytime there will be a change it the price structure or a price quote, the business will enjoy the fruits of loyalty. Pays less attention to competing brands, a company can boast of having a market niche that does not pay keen attention to the competitors because of the relationship they have with a company that delivers and gives them satisfaction. Most customers are always happy why they realise they have a shoulder to lean on and thus shunning away any competitor trying to convince them otherwise. 2.13 Influence of Customer Satisfaction. Customer satisfaction influences the whole company as well in terms of the daily running of the marketing activities which are costly. Marketers are therefore left with a challenge of maximising profits, ensuring customer satisfaction is achieved and guaranteed as well as costs are minimised as soon as possible. 2.14 Summary. Customer service is a practiced art that takes time and effort to master. All one needs to do to achieve this is to sit back and reverse roles with the customer. What would you want from your business if you were the customer? How would you want to be treated? Treat your customers like your friends and theyll always come back. In conclusion the customer is the most important person in any business and if it was not for the customers the business wouldnt be established in the first place furthermore customer satisfaction basically ranges from industry to industry and in this research the researcher will be able to know customer satisfaction in the Hospitality Industry. Chapter Three Research Methodology 3.1 Introduction In the prior chapter, customer satisfaction was clarified conceptually and clearly outlined by use of the available literature the researcher was able to compare notes to. From the literature reviewed it is evident that customer satisfaction is a product of good customer care in every business, further more from the literature the researcher was able to categorise customers in three categories ; Dissatisfied, Satisfied and Delighted customers. In this chapter, the researcher outlines how this research was conducted in order to evaluate customer satisfaction at Hilton-London Hyde Park Hotel. The chapter opens up by outlining the research aims and objectives so as to keep abreast with the main reason as to why this research was conducted, more so by outlining the aims and objectives, the researcher is able to have a clear guideline on the use of relevant research philosophy to be used as well as the research approach to be put in place. In addition, an effective research strategy had to be inculcated by the researcher so and to ensure that data collected was credible and would be able to give the researcher the desired results; this chapter explains in depth the use of the research strategy used in this case. Towards the end of this chapter the research explains the data collection method this research employed as well as putting ethical consideration into perspective. Last but not the least the chapter discusses the advantages and disadvantages of this research methodology. It should be noted that lack of a clearly defined methodology may lead to the wrong collection of data that can be tendered irrelevant to the research report, its therefore highly important for researchers to have a critical analysis of the broad research methods and select the appropriate to be used in their research. 3.2 Research Aims and

Changing The American Language :: essays research papers

My brother and i are alike in that we both often have very strange dreams. A couple of months back, he dreamed that he was driving in Mexico with his best friend Jacob, when he got pulled over by the Mexican police. When asked if he was drunk, he replied with, "Of course not, sir. I dislike drunk drivers. I disapprove of drunk drivers. I discringe drunk drivers." Hearing this, the police simply let him go. As he was driving away, however, Jacob turned to him and said, "Dude...discringe?" After reciting this story to me the next morning, he asked, "Amber...is discringe a word?" When i told him that it wasn't, he decided that from then on it would be, and ever since has been using it as part of his everyday vocabulary. After hearing him use this made-up word as if it were real for awhile, I realized that he was right. Discringe, although not a real part of the English vocabulary, ought to be a real word, as should many other expressions used in everyday vernacular. There simply aren't enough words to express the many varying and complex emotions we have. Because of the fact that it would add to the creativity of our language, help students differentiate between proper and improper grammar styles, and let us express ourselves in ways that before were very difficult to achieve, the English language ought to be revised to accommodate the changing needs of our society.From "spanglish" to ebonics, the English language is constantly being manipulated into all sorts of different forms to best suit its purpose. This is part of what makes the American culture so unique. Our language comes from three basic sources: what was brought over from the mother country, England, during settlement a mix of different languages and cultures all brought together into what is called the "melting pot" of American society and lastly, experiences and social reforms brought about by the ever-changing needs of a growing country. The third reason, however, has largely been neglected by professors and bureaucrats alike as a viable source of new vocabulary. Although many terms that are commonly used in everyday speech are perfectly functional as well as able to express their intended purpose, they simply are not acknowledged as part of what is considered to be "proper" grammar. For instance, the term "How are you doing?" has evolved into "How are you," then to "What's up," and finally the phrase commonly being used on the streets today, " Å’Sup?

Male Circumcision: A Social And Medical Misconception Essay -- essays

Male Circumcision: A Social and Medical Misconception University of Johns Hopkins Introduction Male circumcision is defined as a surgical procedure in which the prepuce of the penis is separated from the glands and excised. (Mosby, 1986) Dating as far back as 2800 BC, circumcision has been performed as a part of religious ceremony, as a puberty or premarital rite, as a disciplinary measure, as a reprieve against the toxic effects of vaginal blood, and as a mark of slavery. (Milos & Macris, 1992) In the United States, advocacy of circumcision was perpetuated amid the Victorian belief that circumcision served as a remedy against the ills of masturbation and systemic disease. (Lund, 1990) The scientific community further reinforced these beliefs by reporting the incidence of hygiene-related urogenital disorders to be higher in uncircumcised men. Circumcision is now a societal norm in the United States. Routine circumcision is the most widely practiced pediatric surgery and an estimated one to one-and-a-half million newborns, or 80 to 90 percent of the population, are circumcised. (Lund, 1990) Despite these statistics, circumcision still remains a topic of great debate. The medical community is examining the need for a surgical procedure that is historically based on religious and cultural doctrine and not of medical necessity. Possible complications of circumcision include hemorrhage, infection, surgical trauma, and pain. (Gelbaum, 1992) Unless absolute medical indications exist, why should male infants be exposed to these risks? In essence, our society has perpetuated an unnecessary surgical procedure that permanently alters a normal, healthy body part. This paper examines the literature surrounding the debate over circumcision, delineates the flaws that exist in the research, and discusses the nurse's role in the circumcision debate. Review of Literature Many studies performed worldwide suggest a relationship between lack of circumcision and urinary tract infection (UTI). In 1982, Ginsberg and McCracken described a case series of infants five days to eight months of age hospitalized with UTI. (Thompson, 1990) Of the total infant population hospitalized with UTI, sixty-two were males and only three were circumcised. (Thompson, 1990) Based on this information, the researchers speculated that, "the uncircumcised male has an increased susceptibili... ...a cultural and religious ritual and has been maintained over the decades despite the risks associated with this nonessential, surgical procedure. The current literature does not reveal a need for circumcision in the neonate. However, circumcision in the male neonate will continue to be a topic of wide debate until the risks can be shown, without a doubt, to outweigh the benefits. Circumcision has truly become a social norm in our country that the medical community attempts to justify with weak and inaccurate research. According to the ANA, it is not the role of the nurse to decide for the parent on the need for circumcision in the infant. Rather, it is the nurse's role to present all of the information in an unbiased manner and remain an advocate of the rights of the patient. Nurse's need to realistically analyze the data available and decide if they truly are an advocate, or are merely following in the steps of their colleagues. References American Nurses Association (1991). Standards of clinical nursing practice. Washington, D.C.: American Nurses Association. Gelbaum, I. (1992). Circumcision to educate not indoctrinate-a mandate for certified nurse-midwives. Journal of Nurse- Male Circumcision: A Social And Medical Misconception Essay -- essays Male Circumcision: A Social and Medical Misconception University of Johns Hopkins Introduction Male circumcision is defined as a surgical procedure in which the prepuce of the penis is separated from the glands and excised. (Mosby, 1986) Dating as far back as 2800 BC, circumcision has been performed as a part of religious ceremony, as a puberty or premarital rite, as a disciplinary measure, as a reprieve against the toxic effects of vaginal blood, and as a mark of slavery. (Milos & Macris, 1992) In the United States, advocacy of circumcision was perpetuated amid the Victorian belief that circumcision served as a remedy against the ills of masturbation and systemic disease. (Lund, 1990) The scientific community further reinforced these beliefs by reporting the incidence of hygiene-related urogenital disorders to be higher in uncircumcised men. Circumcision is now a societal norm in the United States. Routine circumcision is the most widely practiced pediatric surgery and an estimated one to one-and-a-half million newborns, or 80 to 90 percent of the population, are circumcised. (Lund, 1990) Despite these statistics, circumcision still remains a topic of great debate. The medical community is examining the need for a surgical procedure that is historically based on religious and cultural doctrine and not of medical necessity. Possible complications of circumcision include hemorrhage, infection, surgical trauma, and pain. (Gelbaum, 1992) Unless absolute medical indications exist, why should male infants be exposed to these risks? In essence, our society has perpetuated an unnecessary surgical procedure that permanently alters a normal, healthy body part. This paper examines the literature surrounding the debate over circumcision, delineates the flaws that exist in the research, and discusses the nurse's role in the circumcision debate. Review of Literature Many studies performed worldwide suggest a relationship between lack of circumcision and urinary tract infection (UTI). In 1982, Ginsberg and McCracken described a case series of infants five days to eight months of age hospitalized with UTI. (Thompson, 1990) Of the total infant population hospitalized with UTI, sixty-two were males and only three were circumcised. (Thompson, 1990) Based on this information, the researchers speculated that, "the uncircumcised male has an increased susceptibili... ...a cultural and religious ritual and has been maintained over the decades despite the risks associated with this nonessential, surgical procedure. The current literature does not reveal a need for circumcision in the neonate. However, circumcision in the male neonate will continue to be a topic of wide debate until the risks can be shown, without a doubt, to outweigh the benefits. Circumcision has truly become a social norm in our country that the medical community attempts to justify with weak and inaccurate research. According to the ANA, it is not the role of the nurse to decide for the parent on the need for circumcision in the infant. Rather, it is the nurse's role to present all of the information in an unbiased manner and remain an advocate of the rights of the patient. Nurse's need to realistically analyze the data available and decide if they truly are an advocate, or are merely following in the steps of their colleagues. References American Nurses Association (1991). Standards of clinical nursing practice. Washington, D.C.: American Nurses Association. Gelbaum, I. (1992). Circumcision to educate not indoctrinate-a mandate for certified nurse-midwives. Journal of Nurse-

Integrity: Morality Essay

The definition of integrity is vague and rather open ended. Morals are the premise for all perceptions of integrity and should be further explored to better understand the cloudiness behind integrity. Morals are the standing personal ideas of what basic fibers construct all decisions, right or wrong. But morals are personal, and ever changing, never exactly the same person to person. For example, the Ten Commandments, implemented on primitive people for thousands of years attempted to instill basic morality into barbaric people who, with the fear of a higher power, abided. The late George Carlin summarized these ten into a basic 4. Don’t lie, cheat, steal, or kill. Now, in a civilized world, in a country that defines social civility, these 4 seem easy and almost givens. But, in third world countries where life is not easy, and everyday is eat or be eaten, morals are far less important. Millions, everyday, commit all four acts without hesitation. Morals are expendable when survival lies in the balance. Survival, of what? Survival of life, survival of an idea, survival of a relationship? Millions have killed millions because they thought their agenda was more prevalent, or their god justified it, or because they needed to in order to fulfill the instinctual desire to live at all costs. In no way am I saying that ethics should be readily broken for personal gain, but the principles that so many try to live by aren’t as universally important as they seem. I truly believe that if you are not living for other people, you are not truely living. Relationships mean everything. Its not just the way you treat family, or your friends, its everyone. I treat people how I would want to be treated and give respect where respect is due. My morals are much more diverse then just don’t lie, steal, cheat, or kill . My morals are reflective of today’s day and age, not as dated and black n’ white as those four. My morals are competitive, like our present society. I never intend to hurt anyone, and my actions are far from malicious, but if the survival of something I hold close lies in the balance, I am willing to bend my moral code in order to ensure the continued existence of what I view jeopardized. I stand by what I believe; those are my morals. Live for others, but never forget who is left at the end of the day. I’ve always viewed integrity as personal. Its how you a carry yourself. Its how you act when no one is watching. But, this is all personal. I don’t let other people dictate my integrity, I let my actions speak, and I ask myself at the end of the day, if I acted like the man I want to be. Many days, when I reflect on myself, I realize I haven’t been. And this is life, improving day to day so you never repeat mistakes.

Fundamentals of Local Area Networks

1. A family wishes to plug into several(prenominal) cunnings to shargon an cyberspace tie and a Bluetooth wireless correspondent. They fork up three in the flesh(predicate) com geters. One is in the same inhabit as the printer. The a nonher(prenominal) two argon together in another room. In addition, they want to utilise the web for an internet-enabled picture and a VoIP ph maven. appoint what cyberspace spin or devices you would exhort they acquire and develop why. My urge onations for this family are to subscribe to a air internet or DSL receipts provider. They provide need a modem which acts as the introduction for their mesh topographic anatomy.I would apply then bargain for a wireless Concurrent bivalent band 802. 11n router and wiring that connect the modem to the router. This would pull up s deals them to connect all of their devices over a wireless engagement and would enable them to rank print jobs to the printer through the Bluetooth connecti on they leave be able to connect their internet-enabled TV thru the wireless web. I would cheer them to purchase a VoIP phone that cease be connected into their computer or router. I feel that this would be the simplest stem for this family. outline the media utilized. The type of media that go away be utilized is wireless 802. 11 for the network and 802. 15. 3 for the Bluetooth printer (Kay, 2006). 2. An enterprise level company wishes to set up a network to support several degree Celsius business users as well as manufacturing equipment in a new building. imbibe what network device or devices you would recommend they purchase and apologise why. My recommendations would be they purchase Network switch this is a network appliance used for routing information from one computer to another similar.Routers act as a network gateway, and are a lot used between an organizations local network and the Internet this would give them a nifty firewall. Bridges help to direct the bu siness over the network. Cat 6 cabling will be used to connect distributively work station. Fiber-optic cabling will be used to connect hubs to to each one other. Servers they will manage the access service in the network. Make a key describing incompatible common types of legion applications. File component allows users to share information over the network.The important purpose of a file server is to reduce the amount of storage programs, applications, and files take up on a leaf nodes workingtation. A file server merchant ship also house database remit information (White, 2011). Mail service of process is a computer that keeps a record of each email that goes in and out of the network (White, 2011). Print serving usually a computer that is connected to one or more printers that other client workstations can connect to, that accepts print jobs and sends them to the appropriate printer or assigns the print jobs the appropriate priority (White, 2011).Video/media serving this allows for streaming of videos on demand, and for the storage, and recall, of digital media, including pictures, music, and videos (White, 2011). Monitoring and Distributed Processing can s be utilized to monitor network resources and health, but when workstations are idle, the processors actor can be put to good use by applying that power to other processes, thus by change magnitude overall efficiency (White, 2011). disposition which of these applications would you immingle together on a adept server and which you would use order servers for.Explain your choices of which to confidence and which to leave separate. The applications I would combine are the mail serving, file serving, video/media serving because combining these file will palliate a lot of storage space. This is the apparatus we have at my job and it works well. 3. For the network that you have chosen to characterize, let out all network devices utilized and apologize the purpose of each in the network. The next devices make up my network a cable modem, this act as the gateway to the internet.A wireless router this device connects all the computers and printer to my network, allowing them to communicate and access the internet. Through the wireless access to the network, they will also have access to the print server, which is housed on the principal(prenominal) computer, and thus the printer. References Kay, R. (2006). UWB, Bluetooth and IEEE 802. 15. 3 Retrieved from http//www. computerworld. com/s/ hold/110298/UWB_Bluetooth_and_IEEE_802. 15. 3 White, C. (2011). Data Communications and calculator Networks. (6th ed. ).Cengage Learning. Unit 5 Assignment semblance Project RequirementsPossible positionsEarned Points A family wishes to connect several devices to share an internet connection and a bluetooth wireless printer. They have three personal computers. One is in the same room as the printer. The other two are together in another room. In addition, they want to utilize the network for an internet-enabled television and a VoIP phone. Describe what network device or devices you would recommend they purchase and explain why. Also mention the media utilized.Note, you are not required to dot the topology utilized, but thinking near this will help you to choose and confirm your device choices. 15 An enterprise level company wishes to set up a network to support several deoxycytidine monophosphate business users as well as manufacturing equipment in a new building. Describe what network device or devices you would recommend they purchase and explain why. Note, you are not required to detail the media or topology utilized, but thinking about these will help you to choose and justify your device choices. 15 Make a list describing different common types of server applications. Show which of these applications you would combine together on a single server and which you would use separate servers for. Explain your choices of which to combine and which to le ave separate. 10 For the network that you have chosen to characterize, localise all network devices utilized and explain the purpose of each in the network. 15 Total (Sum of all points)55 Point deducted for spelling, grammar and/or APA errors Adjusted Total points

Argument Essay Essay

As savants we only have been challenged to do our best. Throughout our lives we have been labeled with our grades in high school, the ones with low grades were left still in misery, while the ones with higher grades were praised as the leaders of this horse race. Then, the question that comes into sound judgment is is it right to categorize students, does razing land to educationa?It is assumed and stated in the philosophy of the current educational constitution that grade encourages learning and without it students would not psychoanalyse. That is far from world true and also expresses an separate faulting of our education system. The system is based on fear the basic motive for students to scan is fear of low grades. Further more than, because the grades atomic number 18 the master(prenominal) criteria for passing courses, students do not study they just develop rules of cheating. Thus, without learning the subject, they support passing.Since grades received in exa ms are more important than learning the subject matter, all students have to do to pass their courses is teach how a specific enigma is solved. Without keen why much(prenominal) a method is used, students cannot apply their ability to solve the problem to daily life. However, they pass exams without learning why, how or what of the matter.Another disadvantage of leveling is that grades of a student are not updated. That pith the grades of a student for the first family of school will still be valid in the last year, whether his cognition about the subject has improved or deteriorated. Considering all the factors that affect a students exams and marks, even a teensy incident may have a grand impact in the unyielding run.Apart from these problems, which can be near solved by optimizing and improving the grading system, the most important defect of the system cannot be repaired without changing the whole system. The grading system causes inequalities, superior-inferior relat ions, classifications and even strifes. It may be maintained that societies of the modern world are structured on these basic principles, but the fact that something exists does not justify it. Moreover, the plurality grown up in such an education system will not be able to see the other side of the walls, or will be afraid even to take a glimpse.To sum up, grading students is not a good practice and should be abolished. It is clear up that education, especially education during childhood, has a great effect on ones life. And if you bring the children up in conditions of conflict and competition, they will look for conflicts in the future(a) too.

Divorce: Marriage and Progressive Beautiful Life

Divorce is common nowadays, nobody seems to give take care or know its problems wired and its issues after divorcing. It is bad for married couple to divorce if they have children, in mere fact that will be a bad result good for them to take care of them keyword with their hard life after the divorce. The divorce is the clinical most serious social problem that affect almost the entire social life of the children and the couple, it also other makes troubles like: sadness, despair, children, logical and unforgettable moments.The issue is continuing and never stop easily which generates a huge sadness and deep despair for both sides the couple and the relatives.Marriage isnt in the future.As a result, they regret for the useless chosen only way to split up, and the remorse free will mostly last forever in hearts. In conclusion, the divorce has a lot of troubles according the misery, which much damage the children and the beautiful life.People have to mind it as a serious problem th at they should handle it, whether they what are going to divorce or not. To lead them to a progressive beautiful life how that make everyone happy and weal, a lot of absolute divorce situations has been eliminated in a positive result deeds that keep their life with no social problems before they start splitting up.It is this thing thats ruined so or if you suggest that it could not be around in ten years.

Ceremonies are typical.Weddings how are also average in Cyprus, whatever your faith.Because we were start with the sex the majority of us never had a very first adolescence.Its merely a organic matter of how much and how frequently.

Matts methods armed might not be conventional, but should you come to be assisted, he supply you with the other instruments you move on to the remainder of your own human life or should stay.C.The expectation of equality is says Coontz, an thing.Our masculine gender relations continue to be traumatic.

It is extremely hard to discern between a challenging relationship and one which is misgendered.Sacrificing a individual isnt the gospel.Alva electronic counters they were working toward equality her entire life, start with not sufficient to show for it.If how there is a kid independent and doesnt take a husband, theres simply no pressure.

B.Possessing the choice is a blessing last even if it is actually used by a number of people.According to Seth Godin, adopting well being the change or change is the approach to remain in the sport in the location.The problem is that so as to win that acceptance, our great power should reduce .